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Rosacea is a common, chronic disorder that can present with a variety of cutaneous or ocular manifestations. Skin involvement primarily affects the central face, with findings such as persistent centrofacial redness, papules, pustules, flushing, telangiectasia, and phymatous skin changes (eg,rhinophyma). Ocular involvement may also occur, manifesting with lid margin telangiectases, conjunctival injection, ocular irritation, or other signs and symptoms. Rosacea is most frequently observed in individuals with lightly pigmented skin (skin phototypes I and II). People of Celtic and Northern European origin appear to have the greatest risk for this disorder. The prevalence of rosacea is difficult to assess due to its variable clinical manifestations...

Cheilitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lips.It usually involves the lip vermilion and the vermilion border, but the surrounding skin and the oral mucosa may also be affected. Common symptoms include erythema, dryness, scaling, fissuring, edema, itching, and burning.Cheilitis may be caused by a multiplicity of endogenous or exogenous factors, the most common of which are atopic dermatitis, contact irritants or allergens, chronic sun exposure, and infection.Secondary involvement of the lips can occur in many cutaneous and systemic disorders, such as lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, autoimmune bullous diseases, Crohn disease, sarcoidosis, and nutritional deficiencies.This topic will review...

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skindisease that occurs most frequently in children, but also affects adults. Atopic dermatitis is oftenassociated with elevated serum level of immunoglobulin E and a personal or family history of atopy,which describes a group of disorders that includes eczema, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.Although sensitization to environmental or food allergens is clearly associated with the atopic dermatitis phenotype, it does not seem to be a causative factor but may be a contributory factor in asubgroup of patients with severe disease. The terms "dermatitis" and "eczema" are frequently used interchangeably. When the term "eczema" isused alone,...

Menopause is the cessation of menstrual periods due to the loss of ovarian function. Among the various phases of a woman’s life, menopause has the greatest impact on health and has been one of the most neglected areas of research. Hormonal changes caused by menopause can lead to problems in the skin and its annexes, and despite the high frequency of dermatologic signs and symptoms, studies on this topic are limited. In this article, we review the skin disorders that result from the hormonal changes of menopause and other common dermatoses observed during this period and assess possible therapeutic effect...